ALBA-TCP: uma cultura de integração regional alternativa para a América Latina?
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Data
2012-04-16
Autores
Pádua, Adriana Suzart de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A integração regional é um sonho perseguido na América Latina desde o período da independência de seus países. Durante o século XX, inúmeras tentativas foram feitas, cada qual com culturas políticas de integração diferenciadas, visando alcançar esse objetivo, mas com poucos resultados concretos. Já no século XXI, dois projetos de integração regional ganham destaque: a União das Nações Sul-americanas (UNASUL) e a Aliança Bolivariana para os povos de nossa América – Tratado de Comércio dos Povos (ALBA-TCP), liderados respectivamente por Brasil e Venezuela. Estes blocos, de cunho eminentemente político, têm se apresentado como uma alternativa às propostas de integração de viés econômico, mais especificamente, à proposta dos Estados Unidos, consubstanciada na Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (ALCA). O objetivo desse projeto, que resultou de iniciação científica apoiada pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), foi analisar o comportamento político da UNASUL e da ALBA-TCP, com especial atenção para seus países líderes, bem como dos Estados Unidos, país que teve seus interesses diretamente afetados pela recusa dos países latino-americanos em participar de sua proposta de integração consubstanciada na ALCA e pelas constituições desses dois novos blocos sub-regionais. Atenção especial será dada à política de defesa comum proposta pelo mandatário venezuelano Hugo Chávez a ser implementada no âmbito da ALBA-TCP. Para tanto, foram analisados os tratados constitutivos e as declarações das reuniões desses blocos a fim de identificar os valores e preceitos que nortearam sua formação e a evolução dos processo de integração e fazem deles culturas políticas de integração peculiares. Tentou-se ainda mapear as “forças profundas” que agem nesses processos de integração a fim de verificar as causas de sua não consecução de forma integral
Regional integration is a dream pursued in Latin America since the period of the independence of their countries. During the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made, each one with different political cultures of integration in order to achieve this goal, but with few concrete results. In the twenty-first century, two regional integration projects are highlighted: the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the Bolivarian Alternative for the peoples of our America - the People's Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP), led respectively by Brazil and Venezuela . These blocks, eminently political, are presented as an alternative to the proposed economical integration, more specifically, the U.S. proposal, embodied in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The objective of this project, which resulted from undergraduates supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), was to analyze the political behavior of UNASUR and ALBA-TCP, with special attention to their countries leaders as well as the United States, country that had their interests directly affected by the refusal of Latin American countries to participate in its proposed FTAA and integration embodied in the constitutions of these two new sub-regional blocks. Special attention will be given to the common defense policy proposed by Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez to be implemented within the framework of ALBA-TCP. This way, we analyzed the constitutive treaties and declarations of the meetings of these blocks in order to identify the values and principles that guided its formation and evolution of the integration process and make them peculiar political cultures of integration. It also tried to map the deep forces that act on these processes of integration in order to fully ascertain the causes of their failure to achieve that goal
Regional integration is a dream pursued in Latin America since the period of the independence of their countries. During the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made, each one with different political cultures of integration in order to achieve this goal, but with few concrete results. In the twenty-first century, two regional integration projects are highlighted: the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and the Bolivarian Alternative for the peoples of our America - the People's Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP), led respectively by Brazil and Venezuela . These blocks, eminently political, are presented as an alternative to the proposed economical integration, more specifically, the U.S. proposal, embodied in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The objective of this project, which resulted from undergraduates supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), was to analyze the political behavior of UNASUR and ALBA-TCP, with special attention to their countries leaders as well as the United States, country that had their interests directly affected by the refusal of Latin American countries to participate in its proposed FTAA and integration embodied in the constitutions of these two new sub-regional blocks. Special attention will be given to the common defense policy proposed by Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez to be implemented within the framework of ALBA-TCP. This way, we analyzed the constitutive treaties and declarations of the meetings of these blocks in order to identify the values and principles that guided its formation and evolution of the integration process and make them peculiar political cultures of integration. It also tried to map the deep forces that act on these processes of integration in order to fully ascertain the causes of their failure to achieve that goal
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Integração economica internacional, America Latina Integração econômica, Relações internacionais - História, Política e governo - História, Venezuela Política econômica, Brasil Politica economica, International economic integration, Foreign commerce
Como citar
PÁDUA, Adriana Suzart de. ALBA-TCP: uma cultura de integração regional alternativa para a América Latina?. 2012. 207 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, 2012.