Estudo longitudinal sobre a prática de aleitamento materno: fatores associados e causas de desmame
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Data
2009-02-20
Autores
Rocha, Najara Barbosa da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A prática de aleitamento materno é de fundamental para o crescimento, desenvolvimento, saúde e nutrição dos bebês, sendo uma intervenção simples e efetiva para reduzir mortalidade e morbidade infantil. Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência do aleitamento materno, os fatores que influenciam seu sucesso e as causas do desmame precoce, comparando entre cidades com ou sem Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF), bem como a associação do aleitamento com os hábitos de sucção não-nutritivos. Neste estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, foram entrevistadas 84 mães durante a gestação e acompanhados 87 bebês até o sexto mês de vida. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas. A primeira foi constituída de entrevistas com gestantes nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) e visitas domiciliares. Após o nascimento dos bebês, na segunda etapa do estudo, foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares mensais do primeiro até o sexto mês de vida do bebê. Testes estatísticos foram realizados para verificar-se associações, bem como construídas curvas de sobrevivência, com auxílio dos programas EpiInfo v.3.5.1 e o Bioestat v.5.0. Todas as mães pretendiam amamentar seus filhos, por em média 11 meses, alegando como motivos principais a proteção do “leite materno” e “por amor”. Quase a totalidade (94,3%) das mães começou amamentar os bebês no primeiro mês, mas destas apenas 49,4% amamentavam exclusivamente. Ao final do sexto mês nenhuma mãe estava amamentando exclusivamente e 46% das crianças já tinham sido desmamadas. Os principais motivos alegados foram escassez ou falta de leite e o fato de os filhos não aceitarem mais o peito. As seguintes variáveis do estudo mostraram associação significante com aleitamento materno: idade da mãe (0,0033), situação conjugal (0,0004), orientações sobre amamentação pré (0,0118) e perinatal (0,0033), dificuldades...
The practice of mother’s suckling is essential for growing, development, health and nutrition of babies, being a simple and effective intervention to reduce child mortality and morbidity. It was objective to identify prevalence of mother’s suckling, factors that influence its successful and causes of premature wean, comparing it among cities with or without Family Health Care Strategy (ESF), and association of breastfeed with non nutritive suction habits. In this longitudinal and prospective study were interviewed 84 mothers during pregnancy period and 87 babies were accompanied until 6th month after birth. The study was divided on two parts. First, there were interviews with pregnancy women on Health Basic Unities (UBS) and domiciliate visits. After birth of babies, on the second part of study, domiciliate interviews were realized by month from first at sixth month of baby life. Statistics tests were realized to verify associations and built survival curves, with help of Epi Info version 3.5.1 and Bioestat version 5.0 programs. Every mothers intended breastfeed them suns during near 11 months, pointing like principal motives the protection of “mother’s milk” and “due love”. Near totality (94,3%) of mothers begun breastfeed the babies on first month, but just 49,4% of these women breastfed exclusively on breast. In the end of sixth month, any mother wasn’t breastfeeding exclusively and 46% of children had been weaned. Principal motives pointed were scarcity or absence of milk and that the sun didn’t want it anymore. The follow study variables showed significant association with mother’s suckling: mother’s age (0,0033), conjugal situation (0,0004), orientation about suckling pre (0,0118) and perinatal (0,0033), difficulties on suckling (<0,0001), use of alcohol (0,0044), familiar base (0,00036), habits (<0,0001), use of dummy (<0,0001) and feeding bottle... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The practice of mother’s suckling is essential for growing, development, health and nutrition of babies, being a simple and effective intervention to reduce child mortality and morbidity. It was objective to identify prevalence of mother’s suckling, factors that influence its successful and causes of premature wean, comparing it among cities with or without Family Health Care Strategy (ESF), and association of breastfeed with non nutritive suction habits. In this longitudinal and prospective study were interviewed 84 mothers during pregnancy period and 87 babies were accompanied until 6th month after birth. The study was divided on two parts. First, there were interviews with pregnancy women on Health Basic Unities (UBS) and domiciliate visits. After birth of babies, on the second part of study, domiciliate interviews were realized by month from first at sixth month of baby life. Statistics tests were realized to verify associations and built survival curves, with help of Epi Info version 3.5.1 and Bioestat version 5.0 programs. Every mothers intended breastfeed them suns during near 11 months, pointing like principal motives the protection of “mother’s milk” and “due love”. Near totality (94,3%) of mothers begun breastfeed the babies on first month, but just 49,4% of these women breastfed exclusively on breast. In the end of sixth month, any mother wasn’t breastfeeding exclusively and 46% of children had been weaned. Principal motives pointed were scarcity or absence of milk and that the sun didn’t want it anymore. The follow study variables showed significant association with mother’s suckling: mother’s age (0,0033), conjugal situation (0,0004), orientation about suckling pre (0,0118) and perinatal (0,0033), difficulties on suckling (<0,0001), use of alcohol (0,0044), familiar base (0,00036), habits (<0,0001), use of dummy (<0,0001) and feeding bottle... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Amamentação, Lactentes - Desmame, Programa Saúde da Família (Brasil), Estudos longitudinais, Pesquisa qualitativa, Aleitamento materno, Desmame, Hábitos, Programa Saúde da Família, Breast feeding, Weaning, Habits, Family Health Program, Longitudinal studies, Qualitative research
Como citar
ROCHA, Najara Barbosa da. Estudo longitudinal sobre a prática de aleitamento materno: fatores associados e causas de desmame. 2009. 133 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2009.