Análise químico-farmacêutica de preparações injetáveis de ampicilina sódica
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Data
2013-02-18
Autores
Tótoli, Eliane Gandolpho [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A ampicilina sódica é um antimicrobiano β-lactâmico, semi-sintético, de uso parenteral, pertencente ao grupo das penicilinas. Trata-se da primeira penicilina semi-sintética a apresentar atividade contra bacilos Gram-negativos, abrindo o campo de penicilinas de amplo espectro. Existem vários trabalhos na literatura que descrevem métodos analíticos para análise da ampicilina em formas farmacêuticas. A maior parte deles envolve a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) com fases móveis constituídas por soluções-tampão, as quais podem danificar as colunas cromatográficas, ou métodos que envolvem o gasto de grandes quantidades de solventes orgânicos. No entanto, a tendência é que as indústrias busquem minimizar e/ou eliminar o uso de solventes orgânicos de seus processos com o objetivo de reduzir os impactos de suas atividades sobre o meio ambiente. Desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de novos métodos analíticos para análise de ampicilina sódica na forma farmacêutica de pó liofilizado para solução injetável, que apresentem menor impacto sobre o meio ambiente e que sejam mais práticos, mais seguros para os operadores e mais econômicos que as metodologias analíticas já descritas para a ampicilina. A ampicilina sódica foi analisada qualitativamente quanto à umidade e solubilidade. Também foi realizada análise por espectrofotometria no infravermelho e desenvolvido método por cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD) indicativo de estabilidade. Quanto à análise quantitativa, foi validado método por CLAE com detecção ultravioleta (UV) a 210 nm, fase móvel composta por etanol e água (40:60, v/v) e faixa de concentração de 70,0 a 120,0 μg/mL, exatidão de 99,54%, teor de 96,83% e tempo de retenção médio de 3,1 minutos; ensaio microbiológico pelo método...
Ampicillin sodium is a semi-synthetic β-lactam antibiotic for parenteral use, belonging to the penicillin group. It was the first semi-synthetic penicillin to show any action against Gram-negative bacilli, opening a field of broad spectrum penicillins. There are several published studies in literature that describe analytical methods for ampicillin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Most of them are related to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using mobile phases constituted by buffer solutions, which may damage the chromatographic columns over time, or methods that involve, mostly, the use of large amounts of organic solvents. However, the tendency is that industries seek to minimize or eliminate the use of organic solvents in their processes in order to reduce the impacts of their activities on the environment. In this way, this study aimed to develop new analytical methods for the analysis of ampicillin sodium in lyophilized powder for injectable solution, which have the lowest impact on the environment as possible and that be more convenient, safer for operators and more economical than the analytical methodologies already described for ampicillin. Ampicillin sodium was analyzed qualitatively as the moisture content and solubility characteristics. Furthermore, it was performed an analysis by infrared spectroscopy and was developed a stability indicative method by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Regarding the quantitative analysis, it was validated HPLC methodology with UV detection at 210 nm, mobile phase composed by ethanol and water (40:60 v /v), the concentration range from 70.0 to 120.0 μg/mL, accuracy of 99.54%, content of 96.83% and average retention time of 3.1 minutes; microbiological assay by turbidimetric method, in the concentration range from 2.0 to 8.0 μg/mL, using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 26923, with accuracy... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Ampicillin sodium is a semi-synthetic β-lactam antibiotic for parenteral use, belonging to the penicillin group. It was the first semi-synthetic penicillin to show any action against Gram-negative bacilli, opening a field of broad spectrum penicillins. There are several published studies in literature that describe analytical methods for ampicillin in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Most of them are related to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using mobile phases constituted by buffer solutions, which may damage the chromatographic columns over time, or methods that involve, mostly, the use of large amounts of organic solvents. However, the tendency is that industries seek to minimize or eliminate the use of organic solvents in their processes in order to reduce the impacts of their activities on the environment. In this way, this study aimed to develop new analytical methods for the analysis of ampicillin sodium in lyophilized powder for injectable solution, which have the lowest impact on the environment as possible and that be more convenient, safer for operators and more economical than the analytical methodologies already described for ampicillin. Ampicillin sodium was analyzed qualitatively as the moisture content and solubility characteristics. Furthermore, it was performed an analysis by infrared spectroscopy and was developed a stability indicative method by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Regarding the quantitative analysis, it was validated HPLC methodology with UV detection at 210 nm, mobile phase composed by ethanol and water (40:60 v /v), the concentration range from 70.0 to 120.0 μg/mL, accuracy of 99.54%, content of 96.83% and average retention time of 3.1 minutes; microbiological assay by turbidimetric method, in the concentration range from 2.0 to 8.0 μg/mL, using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 26923, with accuracy... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Espectrofotometria, Ensaios clínicos, Antibioticos beta-lactamicos, Penicilina, Química farmacêutica, Spectrophotometry
Como citar
TÓTOLI, Eliane Gandolpho. Análise químico-farmacêutica de preparações injetáveis de ampicilina sódica. 2013. 155 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2013.