A crise na democracia liberal e o sistema eleitoral brasileiro
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Data
2023-06-28
Autores
Richter, João Antonio Cardoso
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo examina os desafios enfrentados pelo sistema eleitoral brasileiro diante da crise da democracia liberal. O objetivo é verificar como se dá a seleção dos representantes, a organização partidária e a participação dos cidadãos, a fim de compreender como esses elementos contribuem para o fortalecimento ou enfraquecimento da democracia representativa no Brasil. Com base em estudos institucionalistas, esta pesquisa demonstra como as instituições, especialmente o sistema eleitoral, moldam o comportamento dos atores políticos. Observa-se que o sistema eleitoral atual tem dificuldades em representar adequadamente os brasileiros, apresentando uma prestação de contas limitada entre eleitores e eleitos. Isso gera sentimentos de não representação e desconfiança na democracia liberal, levando ao surgimento de políticos com discursos demagógicos e radicais. A evolução do sistema eleitoral e político no Brasil enfrentou desafios, afetando a participação e compreensão dos cidadãos, bem como a inclusão de mulheres e afro-brasileiros em cargos políticos. A alta fragmentação política também dificulta a participação desses grupos minoritários, criando uma competição desigual. A revisão das normas e a reformulação do sistema eleitoral brasileiro são essenciais para superar a crise e alcançar uma melhor representatividade por parte da população brasileira.
This study examines the challenges faced by the Brazilian electoral system in the face of the crisis of liberal democracy. The objective is to verify how the selection of representatives, party organization and citizen participation takes place, in order to understand how these elements contribute to the strengthening or weakening of representative democracy in Brazil. Based on institutionalist studies, this research demonstrates how institutions, especially the electoral system, shape the behavior of political actors. It is observed that the current electoral system has difficulties in adequately representing Brazilians, with limited accountability between voters and elected officials. This generates feelings of non-representation and distrust in liberal democracy, leading to the emergence of politicians with demagogic and radical speeches. The evolution of the electoral and political system in Brazil has faced challenges, affecting citizen participation and understanding, as well as the inclusion of women and Afro-Brazilians in political office. High political fragmentation also makes it difficult for these minority groups to participate, creating unequal competition. The revision of norms and the reformulation of the Brazilian electoral system are essential to overcome the crisis and achieve better representation by the Brazilian population.
This study examines the challenges faced by the Brazilian electoral system in the face of the crisis of liberal democracy. The objective is to verify how the selection of representatives, party organization and citizen participation takes place, in order to understand how these elements contribute to the strengthening or weakening of representative democracy in Brazil. Based on institutionalist studies, this research demonstrates how institutions, especially the electoral system, shape the behavior of political actors. It is observed that the current electoral system has difficulties in adequately representing Brazilians, with limited accountability between voters and elected officials. This generates feelings of non-representation and distrust in liberal democracy, leading to the emergence of politicians with demagogic and radical speeches. The evolution of the electoral and political system in Brazil has faced challenges, affecting citizen participation and understanding, as well as the inclusion of women and Afro-Brazilians in political office. High political fragmentation also makes it difficult for these minority groups to participate, creating unequal competition. The revision of norms and the reformulation of the Brazilian electoral system are essential to overcome the crisis and achieve better representation by the Brazilian population.
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Palavras-chave
Sistema eleitoral brasileiro, Crise na democracia liberal, Representatividade, Brazilian electoral system, Crisis in liberal democracy, Representativeness