Effects of Human Observer Presence on Pain Assessment Using Facial Expressions in Rabbits

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dc.contributor.authorPinho, Renata H.
dc.contributor.authorJusto, André A
dc.contributor.authorCima, Daniela S. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorFonseca, Mariana W. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorMinto, Bruno W. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorRocha, Fabiana D L [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorLeach, Matthew C.
dc.contributor.authorLuna, Stelio P L [UNESP]
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionNewcastle University
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-29T13:40:52Z
dc.date.available2023-07-29T13:40:52Z
dc.date.issued2023-01-01
dc.description.abstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a human observer on Rabbit Grimace Scale (RbtGS) scores. The study scored video footage taken of 28 rabbits before and after orthopedic surgery, as follows: 24 h before surgery ( baseline), 1 h after surgery ( pain), 3 h after analgesia administration ( analgesia), and 24 h after surgery ( 24h) in the presence and absence of an observer. Videos were assessed twice in random order by 3 evaluators who were blind to the collection time and the presence or absence of an observer. Responses to pain and analgesia were evaluated by comparing the 4 time points using the Friedman test, followed by the Dunn test. The influence of the presence or absence of the observer at each time point was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test. Intra- and interrater reliabilities were estimated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. The scale was responsive to pain, as the scores increased after surgery and had decreased by 24 h after surgery. The presence of the observer reduced significantly the RbtGS scores (median and range) at pain (present, 0.75, 0 to 1.75; absent, 1, 0 to 2) and increased the scores at baseline (present, 0.2, 0 to 2; absent, 0, 0 to 2) and 24h after surgery (present, 0.33, 0 to 1.75; absent, 0.2, 0 to 1.5). The intrarater reliability was good (0.69) to very good (0.82) and interrater reliability was moderate (0.49) to good (0.67). Thus, the RbtGS appeared to detect pain when scored from video footage of rabbits before and after orthopedic surgery. In the presence of the observer, the pain scores were underestimated at the time considered to be associated with the greatest pain and overestimated at the times of little or no pain.en
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Surgery School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of São Paulo
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences São Paulo State University
dc.description.affiliationSchool of Natural and Environmental Science Newcastle University
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences São Paulo State University
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University
dc.format.extent81-86
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-22-000056
dc.identifier.citationJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS, v. 62, n. 1, p. 81-86, 2023.
dc.identifier.doi10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-22-000056
dc.identifier.issn2769-6677
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85147723115
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/248327
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS
dc.sourceScopus
dc.titleEffects of Human Observer Presence on Pain Assessment Using Facial Expressions in Rabbitsen
dc.typeArtigo
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina, Botucatupt
unesp.departmentAnestesiologia - FMBpt

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Botucatu - FMB - Faculdade de Medicina
Artigos - Reprodução Animal e Radiologia Veterinária - FMVZ