Avaliação da distribuição das tensões em diferentes sistemas de implantes: estudo pelo método da fotoelasticidade
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Data
2009-09-20
Autores
Carli, Rafael Imai [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a distribuição das tensões em diferentes sistemas de implantes pelo método da fotoelasticidade. Para isso, foram confeccionados cinco modelos em resina fotoelástica PL-2, cada modelo composto por um bloco de resina fotoelástica (10x40x45mm), com apenas um implante com cicatrizador. Modelo 1- Implante (Φ4.0x10 mm) Hexágono interno (Conect AR, Conexão, São Paulo,Brasil), modelo 2- Implante (Φ4,1x10 mm) Cone Morse/Octógono interno (Standard, Straumann ITI, EUA), modelo 3- Implante (Φ4,0x10 mm), Cone Morse (AR Morse, Conexão, São Paulo, Brasil), modelo 4- Implante (Φ4,0x11 mm), Locking Taper (Bicon, EUA), 5- Implante (Φ4,0x10 mm), Hexágono externo (Master Screw, Conexão, São Paulo, Brasil). Foi aplicada uma carga axial e oblíqua (45°) de 150 N por meio da Máquina de Ensaio Universal (EMIC-DL 3000) e para visualização das tensões foi utilizado um polariscópio circular. Os resultados foram registrados fotograficamente e analisados de forma qualitativa com ajuda do programa (AdobePhotoshop). Os resultados mostraram que quando a aplicação da carga axial a mais alta concentração de tensões foi localizada nos terços cervical e apical e quando aplicação da carga oblíqua o maior número de franjas isocromáticas foram observadas no ápice do implante e na cervical do lado da direção da carga em todos os modelos. O modelo 2 (Cone Morse, Octógono interno, Straumann ITI/EUA), foi o que apresentou menor concentração de tensões e o modelo 5 (Hexágono externo, Master screw, Conexão) maior intensidade de tensão. Concluiu-se que: Os implantes de conexão tipo Cone Morse apresentaram uma distribuição de tensões mais favorável. O implante de conexão tipo hexágono externo apresentou a maior concentração de tensões. A carga oblíqua gerou maior intensidade de tensões em todos os modelos analisados.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution in different implant systems by means of photoelastic method. Five models were confectioned in photoelastic resin PL-2, composed by photoelastic resin block (10x40x45mm), with a implant and healing abutment. Model 1 - Implant (Φ4.0x10 mm) internal hexagon (Conect AR, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil), model 2 - Implant (Φ4,1x10 mm) Morse taper/Octogon (Standard, Straumann ITI, USA.), model 3 - Implant (Φ4,0x10 mm), Morse taper (AR Morse, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil), model 4 - Implant (Φ4,0x11 mm), Locking Taper (Bicon, USA.), 5 - Implant (Φ4,0x10 mm), external hexagon (Master Screw, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil). A 150 N axial and oblique (45°) load was applied on oclusal surfaces of healing abutment by means of the Universal Testing Machine (EMIC-DL 3000) and for visualization of the isocromatic fringes was used a circular polariscope. The results were observed, photographed and qualitatively analyzed with the aid of the graphic software (AdobePhotoshop). The results showed that when the application of the axial load the highest stress concentrations was located in the third apical and coronal, when to application of the oblique load the stress concentration was observed in the apex of the implants and third cervical of the side of the load direction in all the models, and model 2 (Morse taper, Octogon, Straumann, ITI) presented lower stress concentrations and model 5 (external hexagon/Master screw) higher stress concentrations. It was concluded that: The Morse taper connection presented a more favorable stress distribution. The external hexagon connection presented the highest stress concentration. The oblique load generated higher magnitude of stress in all the analyzed models.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution in different implant systems by means of photoelastic method. Five models were confectioned in photoelastic resin PL-2, composed by photoelastic resin block (10x40x45mm), with a implant and healing abutment. Model 1 - Implant (Φ4.0x10 mm) internal hexagon (Conect AR, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil), model 2 - Implant (Φ4,1x10 mm) Morse taper/Octogon (Standard, Straumann ITI, USA.), model 3 - Implant (Φ4,0x10 mm), Morse taper (AR Morse, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil), model 4 - Implant (Φ4,0x11 mm), Locking Taper (Bicon, USA.), 5 - Implant (Φ4,0x10 mm), external hexagon (Master Screw, Conexão, São Paulo, Brazil). A 150 N axial and oblique (45°) load was applied on oclusal surfaces of healing abutment by means of the Universal Testing Machine (EMIC-DL 3000) and for visualization of the isocromatic fringes was used a circular polariscope. The results were observed, photographed and qualitatively analyzed with the aid of the graphic software (AdobePhotoshop). The results showed that when the application of the axial load the highest stress concentrations was located in the third apical and coronal, when to application of the oblique load the stress concentration was observed in the apex of the implants and third cervical of the side of the load direction in all the models, and model 2 (Morse taper, Octogon, Straumann, ITI) presented lower stress concentrations and model 5 (external hexagon/Master screw) higher stress concentrations. It was concluded that: The Morse taper connection presented a more favorable stress distribution. The external hexagon connection presented the highest stress concentration. The oblique load generated higher magnitude of stress in all the analyzed models.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Implantes dentários, Biomecânica, Stress mecânico, Dental implants