Estudo das condições de saúde bucal e fatores sócioeconômico-culturais, comportamentais e microbiológicos de pacientes autistas
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Data
2009-02-20
Autores
Pereira, Tatyana de Souza [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A assistência integral ao paciente autista visa proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida, dela fazendo parte o acompanhamento e tratamento odontológico. Assim, diante da escassez de informações sobre o perfil de saúde bucal destes pacientes e da dificuldade em atendê-los, o presente estudo avaliou as condições de saúde bucal de pacientes autistas bem como as características da microbiota, fatores sócio-econômicos, culturais e comportamentais. As características sócio-econômicas, culturais e comportamentais foram avaliadas através de um questionário especialmente preparado para este fim. A seguir, realizou-se a coleta dos espécimes clínicos do biofilme bucal para a caracterização da microbiota presente através de cultura e amplificação do DNA microbiano por PCR. As condições de saúde bucal foram analisadas através de exame clínico bucal, por meio da avaliação clínica da saúde gengival e dentária. Com relação à microbiota bucal, foi possível detectar, por meio de cultura, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermédia, Pseudomonas e Fusobacterium nucleatum. Já para a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), houve a detecção de Campylobacter rectus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermédia, Enterobacter, Treponema dentícola e Fusobacterium nucleatum, porém estes microorganismos não foram capazes de promover doenças periodontais pois os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a maioria dos pacientes apresentava boa saúde bucal e possuía o hábito de realizar higiene bucal (Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado ótimo), apesar de serem dependentes e oferecerem resistência para esta atividade. Podemos concluir que o autismo ocorre em maior número no gênero masculino; são dependentes e resistentes às atividades de higienização dental, mas no geral...
The full assistance to the autistic patient aims to provide better life quality and, consequently, to afford follow-up and dental treatment. Thus, due to the lack of information on the oral health profile of these patients and due to the difficulty to assist them, this study evaluated the oral health conditions of autistic patients as well as the characteristics of their oral microbiology and socio-economic, cultural and behavioral factors. The socio-economic, cultural and behavior factors were assessed through a questionnaire specially prepared for this purpose. Then, clinical specimens of oral biofilm were collected in order to accomplish the microflora characterization, through culture and microbial DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. Oral health conditions were evaluated through clinical oral examination, by means of dental and gingival health clinical evaluations. Regarding the oral microbiology, it was possible to detect, by culture test: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas. Now concerning the PCR test, the following bacteria were detected: Campylobacter rectus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Enterobacter, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Treponema denticola, but these microorganisms were not able to promote periodontal diseases in autistic patients, because the results showed that most of them had good oral health and oral hygiene practices (great IHOS), although they are dependent and offer resistance to this activity. We concluded that autism occurs in greater numbers in males; they are dependent and resistant to dental hygiene activities, but, in general, they have good oral health, although they presented oral microorganisms associated to periodontal diseases.
The full assistance to the autistic patient aims to provide better life quality and, consequently, to afford follow-up and dental treatment. Thus, due to the lack of information on the oral health profile of these patients and due to the difficulty to assist them, this study evaluated the oral health conditions of autistic patients as well as the characteristics of their oral microbiology and socio-economic, cultural and behavioral factors. The socio-economic, cultural and behavior factors were assessed through a questionnaire specially prepared for this purpose. Then, clinical specimens of oral biofilm were collected in order to accomplish the microflora characterization, through culture and microbial DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. Oral health conditions were evaluated through clinical oral examination, by means of dental and gingival health clinical evaluations. Regarding the oral microbiology, it was possible to detect, by culture test: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas. Now concerning the PCR test, the following bacteria were detected: Campylobacter rectus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Enterobacter, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Treponema denticola, but these microorganisms were not able to promote periodontal diseases in autistic patients, because the results showed that most of them had good oral health and oral hygiene practices (great IHOS), although they are dependent and offer resistance to this activity. We concluded that autism occurs in greater numbers in males; they are dependent and resistant to dental hygiene activities, but, in general, they have good oral health, although they presented oral microorganisms associated to periodontal diseases.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Autismo, Boca - Microbiologia, Saúde bucal, Cáries dentárias, Periodontia, Patologia bucal, Transtorno autístico, Cárie dentária, Autistic disorder, Mouth - Microbiology, Oral health, Dental caries, Periodontics, Pathology, Oral
Como citar
PEREIRA, Tatyana de Souza. Estudo das condições de saúde bucal e fatores sócioeconômico-culturais, comportamentais e microbiológicos de pacientes autistas. 2009. 146 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2009.