Evaluation of exposure of a multidisciplinary team to ionizing radiation due to the use of fluoroscopy equipment in a surgical center

Abstract

Introduction: Ionizing radiation-producing equipment is used in surgical centers to guide invasive procedures. Technological advances have enabled improvements in image quality, which may be accompanied by increased radiation doses in the surgical team. Correct use of personal protective equipment and monitoring of radiation levels are required to a safe practice. Objectives: To evaluate radiation exposure conditions in occupationally exposed persons working at the Surgical Center at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu for implementation of radiation protection measures. Methods: Three different types of fluoroscopy equipment were used: C-arms, a dosimetric system with ionization chambers, and optically stimulated dosimeters. A three-stage evaluation was conducted, consisting of a first stage for observation, a second stage for estimation of kerma rate simulating exposure conditions, and a final stage for dosimetry to estimate the effective dose in workers. Results: The most frequent procedures and the disposition for each team member were determined. Kerma values were estimated for both the principal physician and the assistant physician. The maximum number of annual procedures was also estimated so that the dose limits are not exceeded. Conclusions: Dosimetry for the surgical team is indicated as an approach to monitor occupational dose levels. The dose rates and effective dose found in this study are low but not negligible. Thus, proper use of equipment and periodic training for workers are still the best options for radiation protection.