Oxidative alterations in exfoliated oral mucosa cells of patients with major depressive disorder
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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate oxidative stress markers in the oral mucosal cells of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A case-control design was used, including twenty patients diagnosed with MDD, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria, and twenty healthy controls. Oral exfoliated cells were collected from all participants. Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), caspase-3 and -7 activity, and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured in Arbitrary Fluorescence Units (AFU). Results: The MDD group demonstrated significantly elevated intracellular ROS levels (p = 0.0012) and caspase-3 and -7 activity (p = 0.0171) in comparison to the control group. Additionally, a decrease in ΔΨm expression was observed in the oral cells of MDD patients (p = 0.0265), whereas GSH expression levels did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.8908). Conclusions: The findings indicate heightened oxidative stress in the oral exfoliated cells of individuals with MDD. This study supports the potential use of oral cells as a non-invasive biomarker source for assessing oxidative stress in depressive disorders.
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Depression, Major depressive disorder, Oral disease, Oral mucosa, Oxidative stress
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Inglês
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Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, v. 15, n. 2, p. 256-261, 2025.
